Basic-Gyan

First of all, we learn about the basis of Polymerization techniques; " Polymerization technique is defined as the fundamental process by which low molecular weight compounds (Monomers) are converted into high molecular weight compounds (means, polymers) ". There are several polymerisation techniques are available but most of the polymerization techniques fall under two categories:   Addition polymerization and Condensation polymerization The mechanism of chain polymerization reaction or the chemical reaction (or other process) is the reaction in which the products themselves promote or spread the reaction. In this, reactive product or by-product causes additional reactions to take place.  (A series of events so related to each other that each one initiates the next)  This chain polymerization mechanism occurs in three basic steps; 1)  Chain Initiation 2) Chain Propagation 3) Chain Termination 1) Chain initiation  – It is the first step in the chain-growth polyme...

Chain-growth polymerization reaction is one of two processes to convert a monomer molecule into a polymer. Chain-growth polymerization reaction is a polymerization technique where unsaturated monomer (means containing double and triple bonds in their structural formula) molecules add onto the active site on a growing polymer chain one at a time.           Depending on this active site present on the growing polymer chain, there are three types of addition polymerization: free radical polymerization , ionic polymerization , and coordination polymerization . Out of which, coordination polymerization is rarely observed, so we will not study about it. Thus, Let us study briefly about all these types of addition polymerization reactions; (A) Free radical polymerization – Free radical polymerization is defined as a type of addition polymerization in which the active centres are free radical. It is denoted as "M•". Since free radical polymerization is a type of ad...

Polymerization is a process in which thousands of smaller molecules called "monomers" join together to form larger molecules called "macromolecules/polymers". Polymers have higher molecular weight than monomers as they are formed by joining these monomer molecules.  Several different categories of polymerization reactions exist, but the most notable of which are: step-growth polymerization and chain growth polymerization. In this post, we will learn about two types of polymers which are classified on the basis of thermal properties and molecular forces present between them. These two types of polymers are Thermoplastic and Thermosetting polymers.  Thermoplastic polymers – Thermoplastic polymers or Thermo-softening plastics polymers are long chain polymers in which the polymeric chains are held together by the weak intermolecular forces (or Van-der waals forces).  These types of polymers are formed by the addition polymerization or chain-growth polymerization reactio...

In this article, we will learn about Step-growth polymerization reaction and it's characteristics in details. And also the examples of polymers formed by this step-growth polymerization process Step-growth polymerization also known as condensation polymerization is one of the two processes of producing large molecular weight (polymer) compound from low molecular weight compound (monomers).  So first of all we should know about polymerization technology, what is polymerization?  Let's understand it.......... In polymer chemistry, a reaction by which smaller molecules (called monomers) react with each other to form a larger molecule (called polymers), is called " Polymerization ". Polymers are the high molecular mass compounds.  Condensation Polymerization or Step-growth Polymerization " Step-growth polymerization reaction " also known as " Condensation Polymerization reaction " .  In condensation polymerization, polymer molecules are formed by indep...

Polymerization is a process in which thousands of smaller molecules called "monomers" join together to form larger molecules called "macromolecules/polymers". They have high molecular weight. Several different categories of polymerization reactions exist, but the most notable of which are: step-growth polymerization and chain growth polymerization.  Chain-growth Polymerization   Chain-growth polymerization reaction is one of two processes to convert a monomer into a polymer.  " Chain-growth polymerization reaction is a polymerization technique where unsaturated monomer (means containing double and triple bonds in their molecular formula) molecules add onto the active site ( It can be radicals, positive ions and negative ions etc.) on a growing polymer chain one at a time ". Chain-growth polymerization reaction also known as Addition polymerization reaction. Monomers used in chain growth polymerization reaction; E thylene/ethene [CH₂＝CH₂] Propylene [CH₃–CH＝...

First of all we should know what are polymers and how they are defined???? " A polymers is defined as a large molecule (or macromolecule), formed by joining together thousands of smaller molecule units by chemical bonds (or covalent bonds) ".  These smaller molecules that interact with each other to form a larger molecule are called " Monomers ".   To understand how the molecular weight is distributed within polymers, we study about the poly-dispersity index. " The polydispersity index measures the distribution of molecular mass in a given polymer sample ". The molecular weight of a polymer is defined as the sum of the atomic weights of each atom in the molecules, which is present in the polymer. Due to the different chain lengths of polymers, we cannot directly measure the molecular weight of the polymer. So we calculate the average molecular weight of the polymer on two basis- " Number average molecular weight "  and "Mass average molecul...

In polymer chemistry, a reaction by which smaller molecules (called monomers) react with each other to form a larger molecule (called polymers), is called " Polymerization ". There are two types of Polymerization processes in polymer chemistry and these are- (1) Addition Polymer (2) Condensation Polymer Let's compare them one by one based on their formation, molecular weight, functionality, no. of monomer used, etc. Comparation between Addition and Condensation polymerization (1) Addition polymerization is the process of adding unsaturated monomers to form an addition polymer. While Condensation polymerization is the process of combining monofunctional, bifunctional and trifunctional monomers to form a condensate polymer. (2) No formation of by-products in addition polymer whereas by-products are formed in condensation polymerization. (3) In addition polymerization, molecular weight of a resultant polymer is a multiple of monomer's molecular weight whereas in condensa...